Sean Murray is the President and Chief Editor of deBanked and the founder of the Broker Fair Conference. Connect with me on LinkedIn or follow me on twitter. You can view all future deBanked events here.
Articles by Sean Murray
deBanked Meme Time – Happy Thanksgiving
November 21, 2020It’s Thankgiving time, which means…. more deBanked memes! This tradition started 8 years ago. Enjoy the holidays and be safe!
New York Commercial Finance Disclosure Bill Update
November 10, 2020
The controversial commercial finance disclosure bill that passed in New York in July, has still not been signed by Governor Cuomo.
Technically, the governor only had 10 days to sign it while the legislature was in session and only 30 days to sign it when the legislature closed out its session for the year, which it did in July. Both deadlines have passed. But as deBanked learned in the case of the COJ bill, the clock does not actually begin to tick until the legislature has formally “delivered” the bill to the governor.
That puts the disclosure bill and other bills not yet signed in a state of suspended animation that can carry them through until December 31st. Doing this “is done to ensure that legislation is thoroughly vetted, with extra checks to guarantee that bills are not unconstitutional and that they’ll lead to no previously unforeseen consequences.”
It’s that latter part of that, that has created concern. Even dueling small business lending trade associations disagree on what the consequences will be. The Innovative Lending Platform Association (ILPA), for example, say the bill is almost exactly what they wanted, while the Small Business Finance Association (SBFA) suggests that advocates do not even understand the bill, much less the implications.
ILPA’s CEO, Scott Stewart, told deBanked in July that “the implications are that small businesses, certainly in New York to begin with, but we think throughout the country, will have the opportunity to really see, understand, and compare various different sources and products for financing their small businesses in terms of their expansion and success.”
SBFA’s Executive Director, Steve Denis, meanwhile, responded very soon after by saying that they don’t realize that it will subject them to massive liability and hefty fines.
“We’re for disclosure, we think there should be standard disclosure,” Denis said. “Our message to the Governor’s office is ‘Let’s take a step back.’ The Department of Financial Services needs to look at our industry, they need to get to know our industry. They are the experts that understand the space, they understand disclosure, and they understand what they need to do to bring responsible lending to New Yorkers. And we would like to work with the NYDFS and a broader industry to put forward a bill that’s led by the Governor and the Governor’s office that brings meaningful disclosure and meaningful safeguards to this industry.”
The SBFA later published the results of a study that supports their arguments.
In qualitative testing of 24 small business owners and executives who have experience taking commercial loans, the study concluded participants did not understand what APR was.
APR disclosure, of course, is the centerpiece of the entire bill.
It is still possible the bill’s language could be amended before the governor signs it. It’s happened before.
In 2017, for example, the state legislature passed a bill that would establish a 7-person task force to analyze online lending activity in the state. The bill, dubbed the Online Lending Task Force bill, called for industry participants to serve on it. The final version signed by the governor, however, was completely rewritten to the point that the online lending task force bill had completely eliminated the task force portion of it and no one was allowed to participate in any analysis except for NYDFS.
Upstart Files for $100M IPO – Reveals Financials
November 6, 2020
Upstart, the online personal lender that uses non-traditional data like a college education, job history, and residency to evaluate borrowers, is moving forward with an IPO.
The company revealed its financial statements in an S-1 filed on Thursday. In 2019, Upstart generated $164.2M in revenue and had a net loss of $5M. For 2020 through Sept 30th, revenue was at $146.7M with a net income of $4.5M.
The company said that in 2020, 98% of its revenue was generated from platform, referral and servicing fees that it receives from its bank partners. Their bank partners “include Cross River Bank, Customers Bank, FinWise Bank, First Federal Bank of Kansas City, First National Bank of Omaha, KEMBA Financial Credit Union, TCF Bank, Apple Bank for Savings and Ridgewood Savings Bank.”
Upstart borrowers tend to have limited or no credit history, which is where its AI-driven models with 1,600 variables come into play.
“Our bank partners have generally increasingly retained loans for their own customer base and balance sheet,” the company wrote in its S-1. “In the third quarter of 2020, approximately 22% of Upstart-powered loans were retained by the originating bank, while about 76% of Upstart-powered loans were purchased by institutional investors through our loan funding programs.”
Upstart was valued at $750M during its 2019 Series D.
In 2017, deBanked referred to Upstart as the Tesla of alternative lending.
“You hear so much about how Tesla cars will drive themselves, how Google or Amazon home assistants talk to you to as if you’re human,” said Dave Girouard, Upstart co-founder, in an interview back then. “In lending we are the first company to apply these types of technologies to lending.”
Girouard’s co-founder Paul Gu, who serves as SVP of Product and Data Science, was only 21 when Upstart launched in 2012. He’s now 29.
Anna M. Counselman, the third co-founder, is SVP of People and Operations.
Upstart is planning to raise $100M from its IPO.
Pearl Capital is BACK
November 5, 2020
Pearl Capital was among the many small business finance companies that hit the pause button in 2020.
Now it’s BACK.
The company announced today that it was resuming funding MCAs after a long stretch of facilitating PPP loans, of which it processed more than $1.75B through a partnership it had with Cross River Bank.
“Pearl did not default on its senior credit line due to its superior underwriting and has added $250 Million in committed financing to expand its activities,” said company CEO Sol Lax. “If you are a small business and you have survived COVID, you shouldn’t have to shut your doors because you have limited access to capital. We are going to be there for small business both in further iterations of PPP as well as MCA.”
Pearl expects to resume at full speed rather than with limited capacity and highly restricted guidelines. According to the announcement, “Pearl’s ISO Partners can expect lighter stipulation requirements with fewer requested documentation than before and updated pricing. Virtually all business types are eligible for funding from Pearl including high risk industries like auto sales, real estate, home-based businesses, and insurance.
[…]
“We’re thrilled to have the ability again to continue to provide financing for companies during an especially difficult time for businesses across the country and give much needed financial support to businesses,” Lax said.
Let The Games Begin
November 2, 2020
In the run-up to the 2016 election, a Capify survey recorded that small business owners felt Trump had their best interests at heart over Clinton by a 2 to 1 margin.
The alternative finance industry, meanwhile, was largely preparing for a Clinton administration. Then Trump won.
And a lot has changed since then.
deBanked has refrained from conducting any formal survey on the matter and takes no position on a candidate, but anecdotal conversations I’ve personally had with industry participants and a review of industry chats across social networks all lean in favor of Trump.
Those positions are drawn in part from resistance to future business shutdowns, which devastated the small business finance industry, views on taxes, and views on regulatory enforcement. All in all, it’s a business decision.
Talk about Biden has been virtually non-existent. The election is a referendum on Trump.
Once a candidate is elected, we will explore what the next 4 years could be like.
StreetShares Stops Lending Directly to Small Businesses, Records $10.7M Annual Loss
November 1, 2020
StreetShares, the online lender known for its focus on veteran-owned businesses, is no longer lending directly to small businesses, the company disclosed last week. This became effective as of October 26.
“We still offer lending products to small business customers via our LaaS clients,” the company said however.
“As of June 30, 2020, 47 banks, credit unions, and alternative lenders have contracted to use our Lending-as-a-Service (LaaS) small business financing technology.”
It defined LaaS as:
“Since the launch of LaaS, the Company has offered several LaaS packages, which include various products and services depending on the package, such as: online product presence for small business lending, web design collaboration, client-branded landing page, intelligent online loan application for small business borrowers (client-branded or StreetShares-branded), decisioning platform, loan analytics platform, and small business loan marketing services. Depending on the LaaS package, either the Company or the LaaS client will originate, underwrite, and service the small business loans. Our LaaS products and services are available in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.”
Financially, StreetShares’ June 30 fiscal year-end report revealed a massive $10.7M loss on only $4.5M in revenue. Despite the impact of covid, these figures are actually in line with (and perhaps even better than) historical performance. The company had a $12.3M loss on only $4.4M in revenue for the fiscal year prior, for example.
“Beginning in March 2020, we experienced an increase in late payments and requests from our borrowers for payment deferments. As a result, there has been an increase in predicted losses on our loan portfolio and we expect to observe an increase in our charge-off ratio in the near-term; however, we are unable to predict a long-term trend in our charge-off ratio. Beginning in March 2020, we instituted a deferment program that permitted our small business borrowers to defer loan payments as necessary due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We worked closely with our borrowers and have exited all of them from the deferment program as of this filing. We also provided, and continue to provide, certain borrowers with payment plans with reduced payments as necessary. The payment deferments or modifications made as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic consisted of short-term payment deferrals or reduced weekly payments.”
Earlier in the month of October, StreetShares announced they had secured a $10 million round of funding from Motley Fool Ventures, Ally Ventures (the strategic investment arm of Ally Financial), and individual fintech angel investors.
The OnDeck Roller Coaster of 2020
October 30, 2020
“2019 was an important year for OnDeck and we finished strong,” said OnDeck CEO Noah Breslow in the year-end earnings call that took place on February 11, 2020. “Financially, we had our second full year of profitability. And strategically, we are making significant progress positioning the company for improved performance and even greater long-term success.”
OnDeck reported net income of $28 million for 2019 and its share price closed at $4.07 the day earnings were announced, giving it a market cap of roughly $240 million. This was down significantly from its IPO value of $1.3 billion, but up from the lows it had hit in 2017 and 2019.
Over the next 30 days, however, the price fell by 50% on fears that the looming novel coronavirus could cause catastrophic disruption. The company also announced the departure of its Chief Accounting Officer.
As the industry looked on with wonder, news coming out of the company seemed strangely at odds with reality. For example, OnDeck announced a “first-ever” NASCAR sponsorship on March 10th.
“OnDeck is proud to sponsor the JR Motorsports team and driver Daniel Hemric for races during the 2020 NASCAR Xfinity Series season,” said a senior vice president of marketing at OnDeck. “So many of our small business customers are avid motorsports fans and we look forward to joining them to cheer on Daniel and the No. 8 car decked out in OnDeck colors at the Atlanta 250 and the Chicago 300.”
On March 23, OnDeck closed at 70 cents. The market, it seemed, valued OnDeck at a paltry $41 million.
Publicly, OnDeck kept up the optimism. The company applied to be a PPP lender as the program was just beginning to roll out. “We are excited to be one of the fintechs delivering PPP loans as a direct lender,” Breslow said. “Our team has been working around the clock getting us ready and now we wait and hope we are approved soon!”
Simultaneously, the company suspended the funding of its “Core” loans and lines of credit to new and existing customers. The company then went on to report a Q1 net loss of $59M due to covid-related damage, wiping out all of its 2019 profits and more. It also furloughed many employees while reducing the pay for those that stayed on.
That same month, OnDeck’s management “commenced a review of potential financing options to secure additional liquidity and potentially replace [its] corporate line facility and began contacting potential sources of alternative financing, including mezzanine debt.”
The response it got was grim.
“The interest rates offered by those alternative financing sources ranged from 1-month LIBOR plus 900 basis points to 1,700 basis points (in addition to an upfront fee) and all but one required a significantly dilutive equity component,” the company later disclosed. “The one proposal that did not include an equity component was at an interest rate of 1-month LIBOR plus 1,400 basis points to 1,700 basis points.”
OnDeck engaged in negotiations with four potential sources of alternative financing, but two dropped out as the economic effects of the pandemic worsened. At the same time, it was speaking with Enova about something else entirely, a potential merger.
On the frontend, OnDeck was keeping the public abreast of its negotiations with creditors. The pandemic had put them in a technical breach of its terms with several of them but the company was experiencing some success with securing workouts and reprieves.
Regardless, the stock continued to trade below $1 as the world looked on to see what would become of their Q2.
On July 28th, bombshell news broke. Enova, an international lending conglomerate, announced it was acquiring OnDeck for the price of approximately $90 million.
“Following an extensive review of our strategic options, we believe this is the right path forward for our customers, employees, and shareholders,” Noah Breslow said on a call with Enova executives the following day.
Some shareholders had a different opinion and thought that the deal and the terms looked a little fishy, all considered. Nine different shareholder lawsuits were filed over the next two months with the intent to delay or block the acquisition.
How could this possibly be the best deal or the right path?!
That was the underlying question being posed between the lines of the various claims asserted. OnDeck ultimately settled with all the parties by releasing supplemental information to the public about its financial situation and thought process that led up to the Enova merger. All the objections appeared to fade as shareholders approved the deal by an overwhelming majority.
On October 13th, Enova announced that it had completed the acquisition of OnDeck.
But by that time, was OnDeck merely a hollowed out shell of its former self? Not quite, according to disclosures made two weeks later. Enova announced that OnDeck’s portfolio performance was already exceeding their expectations.
“On the small business side, the makeup of the demand is surprisingly similar to a year ago,” said David Fisher, CEO of Enova. “You would expect so many differences given what the economy has been through but there’s actually very very few. It’s pretty broad based. Credit quality look really really strong. If anything it’s stronger- I think it’s the stronger businesses that are trying to borrow at this point that are trying to lean into covid, not the ones that are just trying to survive so if anything on the demand there is a slight improvement on credit quality in small business.”
Fisher was also bullish going forward. “We believe now is a great time to be increasing our presence in
small business lending. The pandemic has devastated many small businesses across the country. Their
revenues are down and small business owners are digging into their savings to survive until the pandemic subsides and the economy reopens.”
Enova reported monster quarterly earnings of $94 million, a company record.
“Together Enova and OnDeck will be well positioned to further support small businesses and consumers in the wake of the pandemic,” Fisher said.
SoFi, The “Don’t Bank” Non-Bank, Has Been Approved to Become a Bank
October 29, 2020It’s a little ironic. SoFi, one of the pioneers of the bank disruptor market, is embracing everything it preached against. The company founded in 2011 as an online student lender was just granted a preliminary approval for a national bank charter by the OCC.
When the company launched, SoFi’s message to the masses was not only that they were better than a bank but that customers shouldn’t use banks in general. They took this message to the extreme:
Just, don't do it. #DontBank pic.twitter.com/lnxKJHH3QJ
— SoFi (@SoFi) February 11, 2016
Banks send you statements. Our statement is we don’t like banks. Check us out at https://t.co/B5YXtHWKL0. #DontBank pic.twitter.com/RshfsAhdYR
— SoFi (@SoFi) January 26, 2016
Happily not a bank. http://t.co/bDN6i1Fd5W #SoFiSoFun
— SoFi (@SoFi) August 25, 2015
To be fair, a lot has changed at SoFi since. Anthony Noto, a former Goldman Sachs banker, took over as CEO in February 2018. And SoFi has grown well beyond just student loans to personal loans, home loans, insurance, small business financing, credit cards, and investing.
The company has also expanded its visibility, including by securing the name rights to the Los Angeles football stadium that serves as the home to the Rams and Chargers. When the deal was announced, it all sounded something very much like what a… bank… would do.
SoFi has technically been mulling the idea of becoming a bank for a long time. They applied for a state industrial bank charter in 2017 but withdrew it amid some internal issues as well as external criticism over the choice of charter.
According to Reuters, Noto said of the latest approval news:
“SoFi is on a mission to help consumers get their money right all in one app. This preliminary conditional approval from the OCC is a testament to the mission-driven company we have built, the employees who help it grow, and the over 1.5 million members we currently serve.”
